Back-pedaling brake.



No. 646,302. y Patented Mar'. 27, moo; A. P. MORROW. BACK PEDALlN BRAKE.

(Apuminn med Mar. ao, i895.) y

(No Model.)

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/yg Y/// M@ 5 Ay @zy/@MW UNiTn STATES ATnNr Fries.

ALEXANDER P. MORROW', OF ELMIRA, NEV YORK, ASSGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO II. H.FULTON,

OF SAME PLACE.

BACK-PEDALING BRAKE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 646,302, dated March2'?, 1900.

Application filed March 3 O, 1 8 9 9.

,To LZZ whom it may concern.

a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as willenable others skilled in the art to which itappertains to make and usethe same.

My invention has relation to improvements in combined hub coasting andbrake mechanisms for bicycles and other like vehicles; and the object isto provide an improved and simpliied mechanism mounted on the hub of avehicle of the kind or style involved whereby the wheel to which theinvention is applied may be free to revolve independently of the powerwhich ordinarily and positively propels it and may also on the reversalof the power be made to brakevthe Wheel to stop the progress of thewheel and vehicle.

The invention therefore consists in the novel construction andcombination of parts involved in the mechanism,- aswill be hereinafterfully described and set forth and then particularly pointed out andclaimed.

The invention is fully and clearly illustrated in the accompanyingdrawings, to be taken, as a part thereof, and wherein- Figure 1 is acentral vertical longitudinal section of a hub embodying myimprovedconstruction and to which my improved combined coasting and brakemechanism is applied. Fig. 2 is a perspective of the hub with themechanism removed therefrom. Fig. 3 is a perspective of the brake-shoeand the bracket or ring which locks it against Vrotation. Fig. 4 is adetail View showing the brake-ring, the clutch-ring, the sprocketwheel,the antifriction-roller ring, lockingring, and locking-nut arranged inadjacent sequence of assemblage.

Referring to the drawings, A designates the hub of the rear wheel of abicycle, consisting of a cylinder of proper length and diametersupported on an axle 1, provided with conical bearing-sleeves 2 2 andrevolving thereon by ball-bearings 3 3, held in place by the usualSerial No. 711,135. (No model.)

means, and all being of any suitable construction andarrangement,substantially as shown. Adjacent to one end of the hub is aspokelange 4, adapted to have secured thereto the lower ends of one setof the wheel-spokes. At a proper point on the hub is formed an annulardish or cup-shaped flange 5, which overhangs the hub, and the mouth ofwhich opens toward the brake end of the hub and the rim of which isformed with a vertical annular spoke-flange 6, to which the other seriesof spokes may be secured in any suitable inanner. The inner face orsurface, as 7, of this brake-flan ge 5 is preferably flaringlyinclinedfor the greater portion of its depth and then at the mouth is straightand parallel with the axis of the hub, as at S.

B designates the brake-shoe, consisting of a metal sleeveor cylinder 9,formed with a cylindricalextension or flange 10 and preferably aninclined or tapering portion 11, provided with exterior screw-threads,as indicated, and on the threaded portion is screwed the frictional shoe12, made of any suitable material and having a superficial exteriorformed and tapered coincident With the interiorof the brake-ange 5, asshown in the drawings. In the extension or flange 10 are formedtransversely-disposed ways or grooves 13 13, diametrically opposite fromwhich lead open-end slots 14, (see dotted lines, Fig. 3,) and onthis'portion of the brake-shoe is iitted and held a holding-ring 15,formed with radial interior lugs 16 16, adaptedto slip into the Ways 13and then to engage in the slots la. The ring 15 is formed with an arm17, havingl laterally-turned flanges or plates 18 1SX at the endportion, which flanges set over one of the fork-bars of the frame andhold the ring against rotation, and the ring being thus locked :to theframe and to the brake-shoe sleeve by means of the lugs of the ring andkeys 7n in the Ways 13 the brake-shoe is held from rotation also.

Mounted loosely on the hub is a brake-ring 19, having an annular bead orrib 19" at its inner end to engage the interior incline or bevel 1l ofthe brake-shoe sleeve, as indicated in Fig. l of the drawings. Thisbrakering 19 has a limited longitudinal play or movement on the hub, sothat it automatic- IOO ally releases itself from braking contact withthe brake-shoe when the force is removed which caused such engagement.In the interior of the brake-rin g are formed oppositelyarrangedbearing-plates 2l 21X, the outer ends of which constitute cam surfaces,against which the inner extended cams of the clutchring engage to forcethe brake-ring longitudinally on the hub and into engagement with thebrake-shoe sleeve.

22 designates the clutch-ring loosely mounted on the hub and formed withextended cams 23 23X on its inner edge, which engage against theopposing cam ends of the plates 2l 2l on the inner face of thebrake-ring. On the opposite and outer edge of the clutch-ring 22 areformed a series of inclines, cams, or ratchet-teeth 24 to engage withthe opposing cams on the inner face ot` the sprocket-wheel, ashereinafter specified. The interior surface of the clutch-ring is formedwith two parallel planes 25 25X, the former being of larger diameterthan the latter and the two being united by an incline 26, which isadapted to ride on an annular bead or rib 27 on the hub, and thus lockthe hubthe ring, and the sprocket-wheel together when the pedals arerotated in the forward movement to propel the machine.

C designates the sprocketwheel loosely mounted on the hub, so that thehub may rotate independently thereof when coasting, and while thesprocket-wheel is held against rotation by stopping the pedals andholding them in tixed position b y the non-movement of the chain. Theinner face of the hub of the sprocket-wheel is formed with a series offace-inclines, cams, or ratchet-teeth 2S, coincident to and engagingwith the contiguous cams on the outer edge of the clutch-ring. Theseinterengaging sets of cams of the sprocket-wheel and the clutch-ring donot ride past each other, but when engaged havev a limited slidingmovement on each other sut'- iicient to lock and unlock thesprocket-wheel on its bearing,`and so that when desired to brake thewheel the cams will aline and the clutch-ring and sprocket-wheel reversetogether, thus bringing the cams on the inner face of the clutch-ringinto engagement with the brake-ring and push that element intoengagement with the brake-shoe and brake the machine.

On the inner face of the sprocket-wheel is formed a circular flange 29,extending longitudinally inward a proper distance over thecircumferential face of the clutch-ring which it loosely surrounds, asindicated in the drawings in Fig. l, and on the outer face of thesprocket-wheel is a circular ange 30, extending the proper distanceoverthe exterior face of the ring which carries the antifriction-rollers, ashereinafter speciied. Between the free or inner edge of the circularange 29 and the outer end of the brake-ring is interposed a suitableexpansive spiral spring 8]., encircling the clutch-ring, and the force'Ward rotation of the pedals.

of which tendsto keep the sprocket-wheel in continuons contact with theantifrictionrollers. f

32 designates a collar formed with interior screw-threads 33, whichengage with counterthreads on the end of the hub. The inner end of thisring is formed with a plurality of recesses 34, in which arevertically-disposed antifriction-rollers 35, which bear against theouter face of the sprocketswheel, as indicated in the drawings, and thusrelieve 'the friction when the hub is turning and the sprocketwheel isheld stationary.

To lock the collar 32 on the hub, a ring 36 is employed, which is formedwith projecting ears or lugs 37, which engage and fit in correspondingrecesses 38, made in the outer end of the collar, and in the interioredge of the ring 36 are formed ears or lugs 39, which engage in recesses40 in the perimeter of the hub, and to hold the parts altogether inoperative relation and aggroupment a clampingnut 4l is screwed into theend of the hub, as indicated in the drawings.

To assemble the parts, the hub and axle are supplied with the requisitebearings and parts in a Well-known manner. The brake-flange of the huband the brake-ring carrying the brakeshoe are put in place, then theclutch-ring, then the spring, followed by the sprocketwheel, then theantifriction-roller ring with the rollers therein, then the ring 36, andthen the fastening-nut 41 is screwed home and the parts are in operativerelation and position, and when so assembled, arranged, and secured theoperation is as follows: During the usual forward movement of thevehicle the sprocket-wheel is locked to the hub by the stress of thechain, which tends to move the loosely-mounted sprocket-wheel in thedirection of the power, the movement causing theV cams of thesprocket-wheel and the clutchring to engage and ride on each other,causing the ring to move longitudinally and engage on the bead or rib 27on the hub, and thus the hub, clutch-ring, brake-ring, andsprocket-wheel are held rigidly and securely in engagement. In thislocking of the parts the clutch-ring engages the brake-ring to revolveit, but does not move said brake-ring laterally. When it is desired tomove or throw the parts into coasting relation and position, the pedalsare stopped and held in one position, thereby, through the medium of thechain, holding the sprocket-wheel stationary, which action immediatelyand automatically releases the engagement of the clutch-ring from thebead on the hub, and the hub, with the wheel, is free to rotate untilthe parts are again thrown into engagement by the for- When it isdesired or required to brake the wheel, all that is necessary is toback-pedal, which brings the teeth of the engaging cams into alinementand effects a reversal in rotation of both the sprocket-wheel and theclutch-ring, the movement of the latter causing its cam- ICO IIO

surfaces 23 and 23 to ride against the edges of the cams 21 'and 21 ofthe brake-ring, thus pushing that element into engagement with thebrake-shoe sleeve, which engages strongly with the inner surface of thebrake-Harige on the hub, and thus, it is readily perceived, the brakeand the hub are held in strong frictional or braking contact, and sothat the wheel will speedily be brought to a standstill or move forwardwith a gradually-decreasing speed, regulated according to the powerexpended on the pedals. The movement of the clutch-ring 22 away from thebrake-rin g 19 (caused by a renewal of forwardpedaling) withdraws theinclined surfaces 23 and 23 from contact with the edges of the cams 21and 21X, thus permitting the brakering 19 to recede from braking contactwith the surface 11 of the brake-shoe. While the spring 3l bears againstthe ring 19, said spring is not of sufficient strength or stiffness tomove said ring into engagement with the surface 1l. v

By the use of my improved mechanism hereinbefore described the riderafter alighting may readilypush the machine backward by hand withoutapplying the brake. To s et the brake a positive pressure on the pedals,is required, and hence, when no pressure is applied, the bicycle may befreely run backward by hand the brake not impeding such movement. y

Vhile I have shown and described a preferred construction of elements, Idesire it to be understood that l claim all modified constructions notamounting to departures from the principles of operation hereinsuggested.

I make no claim in this application to the hub having a fixedoverhanging radial brakeange except as an element of the combinationshown, for the reason that the hub as a separate and independentinvention forms the subject-matter of another application for patent nowpending filed by me under date of December 26, 1899, Serial No. 741,633.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secureby Letters Patent, is

1. A hub-braking mechanism for bicycles and like vehicles, comprisingthe hub having a braking-surface thereon, a sprocket-wheel looselymounted on the hub, a non-rotative but laterally-movable brake-shoe andmeans loosely mounted on the hub for forcing the brake-shoe against saidbrakingsurface,com prisinga brake-ring having internal cams; aclutch-ring having cams cooperating with those on the brake-ring; andthe sprocketwheel provided with means for cooperating with theclutch-ring, and means for locking the sprocket, brake-ring andclutch-ring to the hub during forward driving, and for releasing the hubupon a reversal of motion of the sprocket.

2. Brake mechanism for bicycles and like vehicles, comprising a hubformed with an anr nular flaring brake-flange; a non-rotative brake-shoecooperating with the flange on the hub,land means for moving thebrake-shoe laterally, comprising a Abrake-ring provided with internalcam-surfaces, a clutch-ring arranged Wi/thin the brake-ring and havingcams cooperating therewith, and a sprocketwheel provided with means forcooperating withthe clutch-ring, and means for locking the sprocket,brake-ring and clutch-ring to the hub during forward driving thereof,and for releasing it upon a reversal of the motion of the sprocket.

3. Brake mechanism for bicycles and like vehicles, comprising a hubprovided with a iiaring brake-Hange and an annular bead or boss, abrake-shoe capable of longitudinal movement on the hub, but held againstrotary motion a brake-ring arranged within the shoe and formed withinternal cam-surfaces, and au exterior annular bead or rib adapted tobear against the brake; a clutch-ring formed at one side with edge cams,and atits opposite side with ratchet-teeth' and with an internal annularincline; a sprocket formed with ratchet-teeth coperatin g wit-h theteeth of the clutch-ring, and means for supporting the sprocket-wheelupon the hub.

4. A braking mechanism for bicycles and like vehicles, comprising theWheelhub formed with an overhanging and liaring an* nular brake-flange,a brake-shoe capable of a lateral movement disposed within the flangeand formed with an arm arranged to engage the frame of the machine andhold the brakeshoe against rotation, a brake-ring on the hub havinginternal cams; a clutch-ring having cams cooperating with the brakearingcams; a sprocket-wheel having means for cooperating with theclutch-ring; land. means for locking the brake-ring, clutch-ring andsprocket- Wheel to the hub during forward driving, and for releasing thehub by back-pedaling.

5. A braking mechanism for bicycles and like vehicles, comprising thewheel hub formed with an overhanging annular flange,

a brake-shoe disposed within the flange and held against rotation butcapable of lateral movement, a brake-ring on the hub to engage thebrake-shoe and provided with internal cams, a loosely mounted ring onthe hub formed with cams to engage the brake-ring and move it laterally,asprocket-wheel loosely mounted on the hub formed with means to turn theadjacent ring when reversed and devices cooperating with theloosely-mounted ring for forward driving, substantially as specified.

6. A braking mechanism for bicycles and like vehicles, comprising thehub formed with a brake-flange, a laterally-movable brakeshoe arrangedwithin the brake-ange, an arm secured to the brake-shoe and to the frameof the machine to hold the brakesshoe against rot-ation, a brake-ringmounted on the hub and formed with internal cam-surfaces, a clutch-ringon the hub having cams to engage those on the brake-ring, and ratchetson IOO IIO

its outer edge, a sprocket-wheel on the hub reversely rotatable thereonand provided with ratchet-teeth to engage with the ratchet-teeth on thesaid clutch-ring, mechanism for forward driving, and lneans for takingup the right-hand thrust, substantially as described.

7. The brake for bicycles and similar vehicles herein described,comprising a hub formed with a brake flange or surface, alaterally-movable annular brake-shoe tapered to iit within thebrake-flange and held against rotation, a brake-ring loosely mounted onthe hub and having a rotary movement and limited longitudinal movementthereon and formed with internal plates having cam-surfaces on theirouter ends, a clutch-ring loosely mounted on the hub and formed withcamsurfaces to engage the cams on the brakering, means for locking theclutch-ring to the hub when rotated forward, ratchet-teeth on the outerend or edge of the clutch-ring, a sprocket-Wheel mounted loosely on thehub and formed with ratchet-teeth on its inner face to engage theratchet-teeth on the outer end of the clutch-ring, and a device to takeup the outward thrust of the sprocket-wheel whereby when thesprocket-wheel is reversed the clutch-ring is rotated and its innercamsurfaces brought into contact with the brakering, and the brake andclutch mechanism for forward driving applied.

8. Brake and coasting mechanism for bicycles, comprising a hub formedwith an annular overhanging brake-flange and an annular bead; alaterally-movable butA no n-rotative brake-shoe withinl saidbrake-flange, a brake-ring within the brake-shoe provided with internalcam-surfaces; a clutch-ring formed with cam-surfaces eoperating withthose on the brake-ring, with an internal incline to engage the bead onthe hub, and on the outer end with ratchet-teeth; asprocketwheel formedwith ratchet-teeth to engage those of the clutch-ring; and means fortaking up the outward thrust of the sprocketwheel.

9. The combination with a bicycle of combined coasting and brakemechanism applied to the rear hub, comprising an annular bead formed onthe hub, a sprocket-Wheel, means for locking said wheel and the hubfor-forward driving; means for releasing the sprocket when the movementof the pedals is stopped; and brake mechanism operated by back-pedaling,but not affected by the backward revolution of the rear wheel of themachine.

10. A bicycle brakemechanism, comprising a hub having a hollow bodyportion or sleeve; an annular flange projecting from the sleeve andoverhan ging the same laterally, a beveled projection or bead on saidsleeve concentric with the 'angeg and laterally-movable brake mechanismcooperating with said flange and beveled projection.

1l. A bicycle-hub, comprising a hollow body portion or sleeve, anannular flange projecting from the sleeve and overhanging the samelaterally; and a beveled projection or bead on said sleeve concentricwith the flange and adjacent to the end of the sleeve which is overhungby the flange, in combination' with brake mechanism adapted tofrictionally engage said flange, driving mechanism cooperating with thebeveled projection or bead, and means for retaining the parts in theirproper relative positions.

In testimony whereof l affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

ALEXANDER P. MORROVV. Witnesses:

OLIVER P. HIPPLE, M. L. BANKS.

